Credits Hours: 4.50

Course Description:
Lesson I: discusses the micro and macro anatomy of this system; focuses on the specific functions of the kidney. Lesson II: discusses the role fluids and specific electrolytes play in the normal functioning of the human body to underscore the importance of maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance and results of disturbances in these balances. Lesson III: focuses on two types of renal failure; acute and chronic. Description of each failure accompanies a discussion of appropriate management and treatment options for patients in various phases of renal failure.

Learning Objectives:
Upon completion of this activity, participants should be able to:

• Describe the structures and functions of the kidneys.
• Explain renal hemodynamics in relation to renal function.
• Differentiate between filtration, secretion, excretion, and reabsorption.
• Compare and contrast the etiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal failure.
• Describe the 3 phases of intrarenal failure.
• List 4 major patient problems in acute renal failure and describe the related appropriate plan of care for each.
• Discuss the impact of chronic failure on other body systems.
• Describe potential alterations to a plan of care for the patient with chronic renal failure.
• Explain the homeostatic mechanisms for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance.
• Describe the signs and symptoms of, and contributory situations leading to, abnormal levels of potassium, calcium, and magnesium.