KEY TAKEAWAYS
CMS’s 2025 Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System and Ambulatory Surgical Center final rule introduced new maternal care requirements aimed at improving patient safety and readiness. These are the first nationwide CMS CoPs specifically focused on obstetrical services and maternal safety.
The requirements address the organization and staffing of obstetrical services, delivery of care, evidence-based training, maternal quality assessment and performance improvement, emergency readiness, and transfer protocols. Hospitals and critical access hospitals that provide obstetrical services must comply with the new Obstetrical Services CoP. Emergency departments must also be prepared to treat pregnant, birthing, and postpartum patients, including at hospitals without dedicated obstetrical units.
According to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ overview of the requirements, emergency readiness and transfer requirements took effect July 1, 2025. Organization, staffing, and delivery requirements took effect Jan. 1, 2026, while obstetrical staff training, maternal quality assessment, and performance improvement requirements take effect Jan. 1, 2027.
For hospitals determining how to comply with updated CMS CoPs, the remaining work must be treated as an operational priority. Education, demonstrated competency, current protocols, leadership oversight, and accessible documentation must support the same standard of care across departments.
The urgency behind these changes is clear. According to the CDC, more than 80% of pregnancy-related deaths are preventable. The updated CMS maternal care requirements are intended to improve care for pregnant, birthing, and postpartum patients, particularly during time-sensitive emergencies. The changes require hospitals to maintain appropriate staffing, equipment, supplies, medications, and evidence-based protocols based on the scope and complexity of their services.
According to the CDC, more than 80% of pregnancy-related deaths are preventable, highlighting the importance of evidence-based protocols, staff preparedness, and timely intervention.
Under the federal Obstetrical Services CoP, hospitals providing obstetrical services must organize those services according to nationally recognized standards. They must delineate obstetrical privileges, integrate services with other departments when applicable, and maintain protocols for emergencies, complications, and immediate post-delivery care.
The updated standards also increase the importance of consistent documentation. Hospitals must be able to show how training, competency validation, policies, approvals, and quality improvement activities support hospital compliance. Understanding CMS maternal care interpretive guidelines explained in operational terms will be important as organizations evaluate whether written processes match day-to-day practice.
The next major deadline is Jan. 1, 2027. By then, hospitals and critical access hospitals providing obstetrical services must incorporate obstetrical care into their quality assessment and performance improvement programs and implement required staff training. These requirements make proactive healthcare compliance planning essential.
Completing an educational course does not necessarily demonstrate that a clinician can recognize and manage a rapidly developing maternal emergency. A staff member may understand a protocol on paper but struggle to apply it when a patient is deteriorating and decisions must be made quickly.
Hospitals need both documented and demonstrated clinical competency. That includes evidence that clinicians can identify warning signs, initiate the correct protocol, use available equipment, communicate across teams, and escalate care appropriately. Effective nursing competency management should connect education records with role-specific validation, remediation, and continuing development.
Leadership oversight is equally important. Clinical, quality, and compliance leaders need visibility into completion rates, identified gaps, policy acknowledgments, and unresolved risks. This broader approach to maternal care readiness provides stronger evidence that the organization can move from written requirements to coordinated action.
Pregnant and postpartum patients may first present to the emergency department with sepsis, hemorrhage, hypertension, cardiovascular symptoms, or other urgent conditions. Some may require intensive care or transfer to a facility with a higher level of obstetrical or neonatal care.
A 2025 analysis of maternal mortality reviews published in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology found that more than 90% of maternal deaths associated with preeclampsia-eclampsia were considered preventable, underscoring the importance of early recognition, timely intervention, and coordination across departments. This level of cross-department maternal care compliance cannot depend on informal knowledge or department-specific practices. Hospitals need standardized escalation pathways, role-appropriate education, and protocols that are accessible at the point of need.
A 2025 analysis showed that more than 90% of maternal deaths linked to preeclampsia-eclampsia were considered preventable, underscoring the importance of early recognition, timely intervention, and cross-departmental coordination.
Strong maternal emergency readiness in emergency departments requires shared protocols and clear responsibilities among obstetrical services, the emergency department, the ICU, quality teams and hospital leadership. Each department must know when to activate emergency procedures, who should be contacted, how care will be coordinated and when transfer is necessary.
HealthStream’s ED Pathway provides structured orientation and professional development for emergency care teams, including scenario training for high-risk conditions such as sepsis and maternal emergencies. Pairing emergency care development with obstetrical education can support more consistent clinical decision-making across care settings.
Hospitals often manage education, competency records, and policies separately. That fragmentation can make it difficult to determine whether staff completed required learning, demonstrated the necessary skills, and acknowledged the current protocol.
A more unified approach connects competency education, real-time skills, and protocol management. It also supports reducing compliance risk with competency management by giving leaders clearer evidence of what staff know, what they can do, and which requirements still need attention.
Effective maternal care competency training for hospitals should reflect current evidence, CMS requirements, and applicable Joint Commission expectations. It should also address high-risk, low-frequency events that clinicians may not encounter often enough to maintain readiness through experience alone.
HealthStream Quality OB combines didactic education, case-based scenarios, and microsimulations focused on maternal and perinatal risks. Its scenario-based approach allows clinicians to apply knowledge and practice clinical judgment in a controlled environment.
Additional maternal and perinatal care resources can help organizations build an education strategy around the needs of obstetrical, emergency, and interdisciplinary teams.
Maternal emergencies require rapid assessment and coordinated action. Staff must recognize deterioration, make sound clinical decisions, follow escalation procedures, and communicate effectively across departments.
Scenario-based learning helps close the gap between knowledge acquisition and real-world performance by giving clinicians opportunities to apply evidence-based practices in realistic clinical situations. This is particularly important for high-risk, low-frequency maternal emergencies, where readiness depends on more than completing education.
Combining obstetrical education with ED Pathway supports real-world decision-making for maternal emergencies, sepsis, and other time-critical conditions. This approach strengthens competency management software strategies by connecting assigned education with measurable performance and targeted follow-up.
For maternal care protocols to support compliance, staff must be able to access the right policy at the right time, and leaders must be able to demonstrate that policies have been reviewed, approved, distributed, and acknowledged.
HealthStream Policy Manager supports hospital policy management through automated approval workflows, version control, staff acknowledgments, policy access, and audit-ready documentation. These capabilities help establish a reliable source for current maternal emergency and transfer protocols.
Effective hospital policy management for CMS compliance connects policies to training, regulatory requirements, and accountability. When protocols, competency validation, and documentation work together, organizations are better positioned to demonstrate readiness instead of assembling disconnected records during a survey.
Internally developed education may rely on static presentations, annual modules, checklists, and manually maintained spreadsheets. These methods can document completion but may not show whether staff can apply knowledge during a complex emergency.
Limited simulations and inconsistent documentation also make it harder to identify gaps across departments. A clinician may pass a knowledge test but miss important steps when working through a realistic scenario. That distinction matters because readiness depends on performance, not completion alone.
Evidence-based learning, microsimulations, skills validation, and updated content provide a clearer view of staff readiness. Combining Quality OB, ED Pathway, and Policy Manager creates a unified approach that connects clinical education, emergency response, protocols, approvals, and attestations. It also reduces the administrative burden of maintaining separate systems and records.
Effective CMS survey readiness best practices begin with routine visibility into compliance rather than last-minute document collection. Leaders should be able to identify incomplete training, outdated policies, missing attestations, and competency gaps before they become survey findings.
Hospitals can strengthen survey readiness by:
HealthStream’s healthcare quality and compliance solutions can help organizations connect policy management, regulatory education, and reporting. The goal is not simply better documentation. It is a more reliable operating model in which staff understand their responsibilities, leaders can see where gaps remain, and departments can respond consistently when maternal emergencies occur.
The requirements address the organization and staffing of obstetrical services, delivery of care, staff training, maternal quality assessment and performance improvement, emergency readiness, and transfer protocols.
Documentation helps demonstrate that staff completed required education and were evaluated against defined responsibilities. It also gives leaders evidence of validation, follow-up, and remediation.
Maternal care readiness is an organization’s ability to recognize and respond to the needs of pregnant, birthing, and postpartum patients through qualified staff, current protocols, appropriate resources, and coordinated care.
Hospitals should align obstetrical, emergency, intensive care, quality, and leadership teams around shared protocols, escalation pathways, role-specific training, transfer processes, and accessible documentation.
Hospitals should maintain education records, competency validations, skills assessments, remediation records, policy attestations, and leadership review documentation for relevant staff.
Policies establish the approved processes staff are expected to follow. Version control, approvals, accessibility, and acknowledgments help demonstrate that current protocols are consistently governed and communicated.
