How do nurses influence health policy?

According to Sigma, formerly known as Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing, "More than ever, nurses are present in every healthcare setting and possess a unique role in formulating policy. The Institute of Medicine's 2010 report, The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, recognized the importance of involving nurses in writing a healthcare policy creation and called for nurses to take leadership in improving the quality of healthcare." Being actively involved in policy formulation is something that most leading nursing organizations advocate. Sigma also provides the examples of how "the American Association of Colleges of Nursing emphasizes the role of nursing in policy and identifies, in its "Essentials" documents, the expected policy involvement that should be addressed in educational programs at the baccalaureate, master's, and doctoral levels of professional nursing, including advanced practice. The National League for Nursing and the American Nurses Association also expect nurses to address policy as part of their professional role."

Nurses Need to Be More Involved in Creating Health Policy

Given that there are more nurses than any other profession in healthcare, it is only natural that nurses should play a larger role in creating healthcare policy. An article in International Nursing Review outlines key organizations worldwide advocating for "how can nurses influence policy" through leadership, advocacy, and policymaking initiatives. Additionally, the article emphasizes the need for nurses to receive more training related to leadership roles that affect health policy. There needs to be a concerted effort to cultivate a cadre of health policy nurses, empowering all nurses to understand "how can nurses influence policy" effectively. The authors insist that nurses globally need to take their rightful place at decision-making tables, engaged in policy, health reform, and advocacy. Nurse leaders must provide access to comprehensive policy training programs, ranging from undergraduate education to specialized graduate programs focused on various aspects of policy, alongside continued educational opportunities.

Impediments to Nurses' Inclusion in the Policy-Making Process

Relative to other healthcare professions, nurses currently are far less involved in creating policy. The International Nursing Review article identifies a lack of support, resources, and time for nurses to engage in policy processes within their workplaces. There are often bureaucratic barriers that prevent nurses, particularly government employees, from voicing their policy concerns openly. Furthermore, many nurses lack the confidence, skills, and understanding necessary for effective participation in policymaking. Enhancing policy creation in nurse leadership education is essential. In promoting "examples of nurses in policy making," having more nurses engaged in health policy research can nurture skills necessary for developing and implementing new healthcare policies. Through policy research, nurses can acquire skills to be accepted, respected, and better informed, thus ensuring their recognition as health professionals equipped with policy and advocacy skills. Additionally, as nursing informatics continues to grow as a specialty, data-oriented skills may also drive more effective policy development.

How Do Nurses Influence Health Policy?

That being said, nurses nevertheless play an important role in health policy change. According to minoritynurse.com, here are examples of nursing led policy change efforts at multiple levels, from national healthcare policy down to local institutions:

National Health Policy – Larger countrywide nursing organizations like "the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners (AANP) and the American Nurses Association (ANA) lobby extensively for policy change and advocacy for all nurses at the national level." Also, "Nurses can help create legislation that affects both national and state-level laws regarding nursing practice, patient safety, and access to health care. Nurses are also able to review proposed health care legislation to help determine changes that promote best practices."

State Health Policy – An important recent example of policy at the state level involves "guidelines regarding telehealth practices [that] were implemented to help maintain access to health care during COVID-19. This required rapid action by policy-makers—including nurses. As officers in state nursing organizations, nurse practitioners can directly influence policies that relate to both scope of practice and education standards."

Local Health Policy – On the local level, nurses "have a unique advantage in recommending guidelines for community-wide, school, and even environmental health issues. Nurse practitioners can also be involved in advisory boards for city and county planning regarding water conservation, hazardous waste disposal, and ongoing public safety concerns."

Facility and Organizational Policy – It is very common for nurses to be involved with policy creation in the facilities where they work, where they "can influence facility policies such as patient care standards, the use of electronic medical records, and guidelines regarding specific populations."

Helping Healthcare Organizations Develop New Nurse Leaders

The need for providers to develop new leaders is what inspired HealthStream to develop the Rising Nurse Leader Pathway, focused on every part of the effort to Identify and develop nurse leaders to address future leadership needs.

Many health care organizations struggle to maintain a consistent approach to leadership competency assessment and skill development that results in preparing the existing workforce for leadership. The Rising Nurse Leader Pathway begins with an assessment of a target population of nurses, their strengths and gaps are identified, followed by a recommended learning path. From there, organizations can pull from the library of nurse leadership development facilitator guides, to offer ongoing learning to further skills and confidence in their future leaders.

Identify your leadership participants using HealthStream's Rising Leader Assessment and data visualization tools:

• Includes a library of 6 customizable nurse leadership development facilitator guides
• Reduce costs associated with nurse turnover and selection and training of replacements
• Next-generation data visualization tools including a 9-box planner and recommended courses
• Designed for the full continuum of care, including acute care, post-acute care, physician offices, and pharmacies